Hence, governments have been forced to reduce their expenditure on all budget items, including health care. This is especially important Pazopanib FDA in countries where many patients rely on government subsidies to meet their orthodontic treatment needs. Therefore, it is crucial to identify treatment priority among individuals. Since the 1950s, several indices have been developed to help obtain quantitative information about the distribution of malocclusions and to record their prevalence and severity [7]. Of these, the most popular indexes have been Summers’ Occlusal Index [8], the Treatment Priority Index (TPI) [9], the Handicapping Malocclusion Assessment Record [10], the Need for Orthodontic Treatment Index [11], and the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need [12].

Using these indices, several studies have presented epidemiological reports of the prevalence of malocclusions in different ethnic groups worldwide. However, in the literature there are limited studies that analyze the relationship between malocclusion and dental problems such as caries and periodontal diseases. The studies that investigated the probable association between malocclusion and various oral hygiene measures revealed inconsistent outcomes [1]; Helm and Petersen [13] and G��bris et al. [14] demonstrated a positive association between malocclusion and periodontal health. However, Katz [15], Buckley [16], and Mtaya et al. [1] found no association between oral hygenie conditions and various orthodontic treatment need. The aims of this study were to survey the relationships between orthodontic and periodontal treatment need, dental caries, and sociodemographic status.

These relationships have not been previously studied in the literature with objective measuring scales.2. Methods The study population consisted of 836 (384 male and 452 female) school children between 11 and 14 years of age in Sivas, Turkey. The power analysis showed that 836 students were sufficient for our study (�� = 0,01; �� = 0,20 (1-��) = 0,80; power = 0,8003). To determine the socioeconomic condition of the students, a questionnaire was used to survey parents’ monthly income and educational status. Treatment Priority Index (TPI) scores were used to determine the severity of malocclusion (Figure 1). To assess periodontal status, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was used.

Four experienced orthodontists and two experienced periodontists performed the clinical examinations. All of the examiners were trained in the standard GSK-3 use of TPI and CPITN scores before examinations. Subjects were examined with the use of a dental mirror, probe, and Community Periodontal Index probe (for measuring overjet, overbite, open bite, and dental irregularity [17]), under artificial light. Figure 1Treatment Index (TPI).