Investigation of the cleavage mode using C-14-maltoheptaose revealed that SMMA preferentially hydrolyzed the first and second glycosidic bonds from the reducing end. To our knowledge, this selleck chemicals enzyme is the most thermostable maltogenic amylase yet reported, and might be of potential value in the food and starch industries.”
“Background The global burden

of disease attributable to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains unknown. We aimed to estimate the global incidence of and mortality from episodes of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) due to RSV in children younger than 5 years in 2005.

Methods We estimated the incidence AICAR of RSV-associated ALRI in children younger than 5 years, stratified by age, using data from a systematic review of studies published

between January, 1995, and June, 2009, and ten unpublished population-based studies. We estimated possible boundaries for RSV-associated ALRI mortality by combining case fatality ratios with incidence estimates from hospital-based reports from published and unpublished studies and identifying studies with population-based data for RSV seasonality and monthly ALRI mortality.

Findings In 2005, an estimated 33.8 (95% CI 19.3-46-2) million new episodes of RSV-associated ALRI occurred worldwide in children younger than 5 years (22% of ALRI episodes), with at least 3.4 (2.8-4.3) million episodes representing severe RSV-associated ALRI necessitating hospital admission. We estimated that 66 000-199 000 children younger than 5 years died from RSV-associated ALRI in 2005, Buspirone HCl with 99% of these deaths occurring in developing countries. Incidence and mortality can vary substantially from year to year in any one setting.

Interpretation

Globally, RSV is the most common cause of childhood ALRI and a major cause of admission to hospital as a result of severe ALRI. Mortality data suggest that RSV is an important cause of death in childhood from ALRI, after pneumococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae type b. The development of novel prevention and treatment strategies should be accelerated as a priority.”
“Background

The phenolic amine synephrine is a vascoconstrictor and bronchiectatic agent and holds promise as an aid to weight management and obesity reduction. Synephrine is structurally similar to the active ingredients of several commercial cold remedies. Some Citrus contain high concentrations of synephrine. An enzyme involved in synephrine biosynthesis, tyrosine decarboxylase (TYDC), is a pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that decarboxylates tyrosine to yield CO(2) and tyramine.