The cumulative probability of being in remission in the last visit in patients receiving or not rifampicin is shown in Fig. 1 (Log-Rank test, P = 0.25). There were no differences in the total number of AEs between both groups; however, gastrointestinal complains were more frequent GS-4997 cell line in the rifampicin group (32% vs. 18%) while hematological toxicity was more frequent in the group without rifampicin (24% vs. 5%). Fig. 1 The cumulative probability of being in remission according to whether the patient received concomitant rifampicin or not (Log-Rank test, P = 0.25) Discussion An alternative agent

for treating PJIs due to fluoroquinolone-resistant staphylococci is necessary [14]. In the present study, acute PJIs were managed with debridement, retention of the implant and linezolid with a remission rate of 72% and when considering only relapses (isolation of the same species), it was 80%. These results are similar to those presented by Bassetti et al. [15] using the same surgical strategy and linezolid alone in 20 PJIs with a remission MI-503 concentration rate of 80% and 20% of relapsing infections. Monotherapy with linezolid was also evaluated by Rao et al. [16] in 11 cases with a remission rate of 95%. Although the experience is limited, these

results are in contrast to the 23% remission rate described using intravenous vancomycin in MRSA PJI treated with retention of the implant [17] and it suggests that linezolid could be an alternative for infections due to multi-resistant staphylococci. The addition of rifampicin to linezolid would be reasonable [18, 19], particularly when the foreign-body is not removed, due to the potent activity of rifampicin against

biofilm bacteria [4, 20]. It has been demonstrated that rifampicin reduces about 30% the AUC of linezolid [11, 12]; however, the clinical implication of this interaction is not well established. This combination was assessed in a retrospective study that reviewed 28 osteomyelitis HAS1 and orthopedic implant infections [21]. The success rate was 89.2%, however, only 4 cases were managed without removing the implant. In contrast, Gomez et al. [22] showed a success rate of 69% but, in this series, all patients were managed with implant retention and rifampicin. In our buy CHIR-99021 cohort, no statistically significant difference was observed in the success rate between those patients receiving or not receiving rifampicin but slightly worse results among those receiving rifampicin were observed. This finding could be explained, at least in part, because these patients had a higher rate of diabetes mellitus (32% vs. 18%), and a longer duration of symptoms before open debridement (9 days vs.