The influence of gender and pubertal maturation on parameters of

The influence of gender and pubertal maturation on parameters of cortisol response to CRH challenge was investigated using nonlinear mixed model methodology.

Results: Girls showed increasing total cortisol output

following CRH challenge over puberty, while boys showed little change in total cortisol output over puberty. Increased cortisol output in girls was explained by slower reactivity and recovery rates leading to prolonged time to reach peak cortisol and delayed return to baseline over puberty. Girls also showed increasing baseline cortisol over puberty, while boys showed declining baseline over puberty.

Conclusion: Results reveal subtle normative sex Erastin clinical trial differences in the influence of pubertal maturation on HPA regulation at the pituitary level. This normative shift may tip the balance towards stress response dysregulation in girls at high risk for depression, and may represent one potential mechanism underlying elevated rates of depression among pubescent girls. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Although gait speed slows with age, the rate of slowing varies greatly. To date, little is known about the trajectories of gait speed, their correlates, and their risk for mortality in older adults.

Gait speed during a 20-m walk was measured for a period of 8 years in initially well-functioning men and

women aged 7079 years participating in the Health, Aging and Body Composition study. We described the find more trajectories of gait speed and examined their correlates using a group-based mixture model. Also risk associated with different gait speed trajectories on all-cause mortality was estimated using a Cox-proportional hazard model.

Of 2,364 participants (mean age, 73.52.9 years; 52% women), we identified three gait speed trajectories: slow (n 637), moderate (n 1,209),

and fast decline (n 518). Those with fast decline slowed 0.030 m/s per year or 2.4% per year from baseline to the last follow-up visit. Women, blacks, and participants who were obese, had limited knee extensor strength, and had low physical activity were more likely to have fast decline than their counterparts. Participants with fast decline in gait speed had a 90% greater risk of mortality than those with slow decline.

Despite being well-functioning Tangeritin at baseline, a quarter of older adults experienced fast decline in gait speed, which was associated with an increased risk of mortality.”
“Cognitive abilities, such as verbal fluency and mental rotation, are most sensitive to changes in sex steroids but poorly studied in the context of hormonal contraceptive usage. Therefore, we investigated the performance of mental rotation and verbal fluency in young (21.5 +/- 1.8 years) healthy oral contraceptive (OC) users (23 women) and non-users (20 women) during the follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle.

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