All testing was done with each subject at approximately the same time of day. Also, all subjects were required to keep a daily workout log showing the exercises with reps and sets performed. Volume load (repetitions × weight) was measured to ensure subjects did not alter their training regimen. Statistical analysis Data were analyzed utilizing a 2-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s test used for post-hoc analysis. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. A p value of <0.05

was considered significant. Results Forty subjects were initially recruited for this investigation. Ten subjects dropped out. Of the 10, three stated an inability to consume the protein needed for the study and one subject complained of gastrointestinal distress. Six did not provide a reason. Thirty healthy resistance-trained individuals participated in this study (mean ± SD; age: Wnt inhibitor 24.1 ± 5.6 yr; height: 171.4 ± 8.8 cm; weight: 73.3 ± 11.5 kg; 11 female, 29 male). There were no differences between groups

for any of the baseline measures (Table 1). Table 1 Subject characteristics   Age years Height cm Weight kg Control n = 10 (2 female, 8 male) 22.0 ± 2.6 174.3 ± 8.2 76.4 ± 9.9 High Protein n = 20 (9 female, 11 male) 25.2 ± 6.3 170.0 ± 8.9 71.8 ± 12.2 Data are mean ± SD. There were no significant differences for any of the variables. cm centimeters, kg kilograms. There were no statistically Glutamate dehydrogenase significant changes pre vs post find more or between groups for any of the body composition variables (Table 2). Table 2 Body composition   Control HP Pre Post Change Pre Post Change BW (kg) 76.4 ± 9.9 77.2 ± 9.9 0.8 ± 1.6 71.8 ± 12.2 73.5 ± 12.5 1.7 ± 1.9 FFM (kg) 65.2 ± 11.7 66.5 ± 11.7 1.3 ± 2.0 59.5 ± 10.9 61.4 ± 11.6 1.9 ± 2.4 FM (kg) 11.2 ± 4.7 11.4 ± 5.0 0.3 ± 4.7 12.3 ± 7.0 12.0 ± 6.2 −0.2 ± 2.2 % BF 15.1 ± 6.9 14.2 ± 6.9 −0.9 ± 1.7 16.9 ± 8.3 16.3 ± 7.5 −0.6 ± 2.6 Data are mean ± SD. There were no significant differences for any of the variables. BW body weight, FFM fat free mass, FM fat mass,% BF percentage body fat, HP high protein. There were no

changes in training volume (Table 3). The dietary data are summarized in Table 4. There were no significant changes in the control group for any of the variables. There was a significant increase in total energy and protein intake in the high protein group. It should be noted that every subject in the high protein group consumed protein powder in order to meet the requirements for the study. Otherwise, it would be have virtually impossible or highly unlikely that one could consume a 4.4 g/kg/d via food alone. Table 3 Training volume   VL/day Pre Post Control 37148 ± 40979 41847 ± 49022 HP 32481 ± 34193 34601 ± 34604 Data are mean ± SD. There were no significant differences for any of the variables. HP high protein, VL volume load (calculated as reps × weight).