Small animal PET images for labeled compounds showed high tumor uptake, as well as kidney and bladder uptakes, at 30 min postinjection. Ga-68-DO3A-homoalanine showed the highest standardized uptake value ratio (3.9 +/- 0.3), followed by Ga-68-DO2A-alanine (3.1 +/- 0.2), Ga-68-DO3A-alanine (2.8 +/- 0.2) and Ga-68-DO2A-homoalanine (2.3 +/- 0.2).
Conclusion: These derivatives were found to have high labeling efficiencies, high stabilities, Nec-1s molecular weight high tumor cell uptakes, high tumor/nontumor xenograft uptakes and low nonspecific uptake in normal organs, except for the kidneys. However, the uptake mechanism of these derivatives remains
unclear, and uptake via specific amino acid transporters needs to be demonstrated. (C) 2010 Elsevier selleck compound Inc. All rights reserved.”
“In this paper, we proposed an efficient immunization “”high-risk immunization”". The standard SIRS model was modified, respectively, on WS small-world network and BA scale-free network. Based on our
new SIRS model, the density of infected individuals was analyzed from a theoretical point of view, and computer simulation was implemented on different networks. The results indicate that the high-risk immunization is effective, and it is economic and feasible in practice. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Introduction: High expression of the system L amino acid transporter has been observed in clinically important tissues including tumors and the blood-brain barrier. We examined amino acid transport system L selectivity of (14)C(U)-L-tyrosine ((14)C-Tyr), (125)I-4-iodo-L-meta-tyrosine (4-(125)I-mTyr), (125)I-6-iodo-L-meta-tyrosine (6-(125)I-mTyr), (125)I-3-iodo-alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine (1251-IMT) and (125)I-3-iodo-L-tyrosine (3-(125)I-Tyr) using Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1).
Methods: Cells in the exponential growth phase were incubated with 18.5 kBq of labeled amino acid in 2 mL of phosphate-buffered saline-based
uptake solution and an uptake solution with/without Na(+) at MAPK inhibitor 37 degrees C or 4 degrees C. We examined the effects of the following compounds (1.0 mM) on transport: 2-(methylamino)isobutyric acid (a specific inhibitor of system A, in Na(+)-containing uptake solution); 2-amino-bicyclo [2,2,1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (a specific inhibitor of system L, in Na(+)-free uptake solution); sodium azide and 2,4-dinitrophenol (NaN(3) and DNP, inhibitors of the generation of adenosine triphosphate); p-aminohippurate and tetraethylammonium (PAH and TEA, inhibitors of organic anion and cation transporters); and L- and D-isomers of natural amino acids.
Results: (14)C-Tyr exhibited affinity for systems L, A and ASC. 4-(125)I-mTyr and 3-(125)I-Tyr exhibited high specificity for system L, whereas 6-(125)I-mTyr and (125)I-IMT exhibited affinity for both systems L and ASC. Uptake of 4-(125)I-mTyr was markedly reduced by incubation at 4 C, and was not significantly inhibited by NaN3, DNP, PAH or TEA.