“
“To compare two-dimensional ultrasonography (2D US) and three-dimensional

ultrasonography (3D US) in the assessment of normal fetal lung volume.

A cross-sectional study was performed involving 50 normal pregnancies at 24-32 weeks’ gestation. The following equations were used for lung volume calculation by 2D US: Eq(2D1) = 4.24 + , and Eq(2D2) = [anteroposterior diameter (X) x transverse diameter (Y) x cranial-caudal diameter (Z) of the right lung x 0.152 + (X') x (Y') x (Z') of the left lung x 0.167]. For 3D US, the virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) method was used with a 30A degrees rotation angle and the total lung volume (V3D) was obtained by summing the volumes of each lung. Regression models (R (2)) were devised to assess lung volume evolution VX-680 in vivo over the course of the pregnancy. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to assess correlation among the techniques, while Friedman’s test was used for means comparisons.

Strong correlation was observed among the three techniques [V3D vs. Eq(2D2) r = 0.856; V3D vs. Eq(2D1) r = 0.838 and Eq(2D2) vs. Eq(2D1) r = 0.964; all with P < 0.001]. Mean lung volumes were 37.05 +/- A 9.67, 29.79 +/- A 8.79 and 12.67 +/- A 4.12 ml for V3D, Eq(2D1) and Eq(2D2), respectively (P < 0.001).

Strong correlation and significant difference was observed among the three techniques of fetal

lung volume assessment in normal fetuses.”
“The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of faecal incontinence after first vaginal delivery and to assess the impact of Thierry’s spatulas-assisted delivery.

A prospective observational study of primiparas who underwent a vaginal delivery at term was conducted. Faecal incontinence was assessed at 2 and 6 months postpartum

by a questionnaire (Wexner score a parts per thousand yen5 was considered significant). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Five hundred thirty-eight women were recruited with undergoing 176 spatulas-assisted deliveries and 362 ARN-509 in vivo spontaneous vaginal deliveries. The response rate was 85.9% (2 months) and 80.5% (6 months). The prevalence of faecal incontinence was similar between the two groups at 2 months (14.3% and 9.7%). Episiotomy (odds ratio [OR] = 5.0) and maternal age over 35 years (OR = 4.1) were independently associated with faecal incontinence after adjustment.

Anal symptoms are common after the first vaginal delivery. Thierry’s spatulas do not increase the prevalence of faecal incontinence after delivery given that an episiotomy is performed.”
“P>Genome-wide association studies rely upon segregating natural genetic variation, particularly the patterns of polymorphism and correlation between adjacent markers. To facilitate association studies in the model legume Medicago truncatula, we present a genome-scale polymorphism scan using existing Affymetrix microarrays.