Most publications associated SSA flux with wind speed or friction velocity. Later, Veron et al. (2012) described a sea spray concentration function for spume droplets

under high wind speed conditions. This work suggests that supra-millimetre droplets are more important than had been earlier predicted. What is more, this work describes the observation of liquid sheets forming at the crests of breaking waves, which is an earlier unreported SSA generation mechanism. Another interesting parameterisation Everolimus ic50 was proposed by Ovadnevaitte et al. (2014), where the friction velocity was replaced by the Reynolds number for a multimodal aerosol flux. The vast majority of the SSA flux literature relates to measurements in the open ocean. Aerosol measurements in the Baltic Sea are valuable since its waters differ substantially from oceanic waters. The Baltic is one of the largest inland brackish seas by area, where major inflows of oceanic waters are rare. Waves on the Baltic Sea surface have Bortezomib mouse relatively shorter lifetimes compared with ocean waves. The SSA coarse mode is produced by wave crashing and bubble bursting, and these mechanisms are strongly correlated with wind speed. The influence of wind speed and air masses on SSA concentrations in the Baltic region have been studied by a number of researchers (Zieliński & Zieliński 2002, Petelski

& Piskozub 2006, Lewandowska & Falkowska 2013). The prevailing winds in the southern Baltic Sea are westerlies. Such a circulation is determined by the transport of fresh maritime polar air masses (Leppäranta & Myrberg 2009), creating strong wind conditions related to the movements of low pressure systems from the Atlantic Ocean. Zdun et al. (2011) showed wind direction to have a strong

influence Farnesyltransferase on aerosol optical properties in the Baltic Sea region. Byčenkienė et al. (2013) demonstrated that the marine boundary layer is not seriously affected by long-range transport but that local transport of air pollution is an important factor. Thus, averaged SSA concentrations and size distributions in the Baltic Sea region are very valuable. All processes responsible for SSA emission from the sea surface, like bubble bursting (Blanchard 1963) or the direct tearing of wave crests (Monahan et al. 1986), are related to the composition of sea surface water. Surface active agents (surfactants) significantly reduce surface tension (Rosen et al. 2012). The role of surfactants in SSA flux has been widely described, inter alia by Sellegri et al. (2006), Modini et al. (2010) and Long et al. (2011). The Baltic Sea is a drainage basin for a large area, which is why the composition of surfactants differs significantly from that of ocean areas (Drozdowska et al. 2013, Drozdowska & Fateyeva 2013). This is indicated by coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) measurements (Schwarz et al. 2002, Kowalczuk et al. 2003, Kowalczuk et al. 2010).