Neutrophils (N); type III collagen fibres (CIII); type …Figure 4Representative photomicrographs of lung http://www.selleckchem.com/products/wortmannin.html parenchyma. Samples were stained with (top) haematoxylin & eosin, (middle) TUNEL, and (bottom) double immunofluorescence for TTF1 (Thyroid Transcription Factor 1, alveolar epithelium) and CD34 (endothelium). …Figure 5Photomicrographs of electron microscopy of diaphragm. In C-SAL, C-Gln, and CLP-Gln groups the mitochondria (M) and Z bands (ZB) are well preserved. Asterisk indicates apoptosis in nucleus of muscle. Note the presence of disorganized Z bands (circle) …Table 1Lung morphometric parametersTable 2Semi-quantitative analysis of lung and diaphragm electron microscopySmall intestine villi, kidney, lung, and liver epithelial cell apoptosis were higher in CLP-SAL compared with C-SAL (Figures (Figures44 and and6,6, and Table Table3),3), while Gln attenuated epithelial cell apoptosis in kidney and lung, and avoided these changes in small intestine villi and liver.
In CLP-SAL we observed glomerular lesion degeneration and vacuolization in the liver, and small intestine villi epithelial injury (Figure (Figure66).Figure 6Representative photomicrographs of kidney, liver and small intestine villi stained with (upper panels) haematoxylin & eosin and (lower panels) immunohistochemical staining for FasL. (Kidney). Control (C) group shows glomeruli (G) and renal tubules …Table 3Epithelial cell apoptosisEighteen hours after surgery, CINC-1 levels increased in CLP-SAL compared to C-SAL in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and peritoneal lavage fluid, while Gln minimized these changes (Figure (Figure7).
7). However, no significant changes in CINC-1 were observed at 48 hours both in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and peritoneal lavage fluid. At 18 hours, IL-10 and IL-6 were higher in CLP-SAL than C-SAL in the peritoneal lavage fluid, but similar in all groups in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. Gln reduced IL-6 in the peritoneal lavage fluid. At 48 hours, IL-10 increased in the CLP-Gln group in BALF and at 18 hours in the PLF (Figure (Figure7).7). However, no significant changes were observed in IL-10 in the PLF at 48 hours.Figure 7Analysis of CINC-1 (cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1), IL-10 and IL-6 levels measured in both bronchoalveolar and peritoneal lavage fluids 18 and 48 hours after sepsis induction.
Values are �� standard deviation of five animals in …DiscussionIn the present experimental model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery in rats, one single early iv dose of Gln (0.75 g/kg) improved survival and oxygenation, prevented lung mechanics deterioration, and minimized pulmonary and diaphragm histological changes, Batimastat attenuating epithelial cell apoptosis of the lung and distal organs.