OBJECTIVE: To examine relationships
between states’ health insurance and race/ethnicity characteristics with measures of hyperlipidemia management across the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia.
METHODS: Cross-validated, multiple linear regression modeling was used to analyze associations between states’ health insurance patterns or proportions of racial minorities (from the 2010 U.S. Census data) and states’ aggregate frequency of checking cholesterol within the previous 5 years or prescriptions written for lipid-lowering medications (from national survey and population-adjusted BMS-345541 chemical structure retail prescription data, respectively), with adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, race/ethnicity, and poverty.
RESULTS: In states with proportionately more uninsured, cholesterol levels are checked less often, but in states with proportionately more private, Medicare, or Medicaid coverage, providers are not necessarily more likely to check cholesterol or to write more prescriptions.
In states with proportionately more African-Americans and/or Hispanics, cholesterol is more likely to be checked, but in states with more African-Americans, more prescriptions were written, whereas in states with more Hispanics, fewer statin prescriptions were written.
CONCLUSION: Variations across states in insurance and racial/ethnicity mix are associated with variations in hyperlipidemia management; less-insured states may be less effective whereas states
with more private, Medicare, or Medicaid coverage may not be more effective. signaling pathway In states with proportionately more African-Americans vs. Hispanics, lipid medications may be prescribed differently. Our findings warrant further investigations. (C) 2013 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved.”
“Diphosphorus-substituted isoxazole and 1,2,3-triazole were synthesized by a click chemistry method. Their polarity and structure were determined by the dipole moment method and quantum chemical calculations.”
“BACKGROUND: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been widely used for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural Akt inhibitor effusion. Two isoenzymes have been described, ADA(1) and ADA(2).
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of sputum ADA, ADA, and ADA(2) activity in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).
DESIGN: We measured total ADA, ADA(1) and ADA(2) activity in the sputum of 27 patients with pulmonary TB (11 had a negative Ziehl-Neelsen stain for acid-fast bacilli [AFB]). Nineteen patients with lung cancer were used as controls.
RESULTS: Sputum total ADA activity was significantly higher in TB than in lung cancer patients (median 18 U/l [range 3-70] vs. 6 U/l [2-16]; P < 0.001). Sputum ADA, activity was significantly higher in TB compared to lung cancer patients (9 U/l [0-65] vs. 5 U/l [0-12]; P = 0.001). Sputum ADA(2) was significantly higher than ADA, in TB patients (P = 0.001).