The effect of the association between variables and outcome (consumption or non-consumption of at least a daily portion of each food category) was assessed

by bivariate analysis using Poisson regression with robust estimation for variance adjustment. Variables that showed an association with lower level of statistical significance or equal to 20% (p ≤ 0.20) were included in the multivariate analyses. The magnitude of association between the investigated factors and feeding practices was estimated using prevalence ratios and confidence intervals (95% CI) in robust Poisson regression bivariate and multivariate analyses. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, and approved by the Porto Alegre http://www.selleckchem.com/products/PLX-4032.html City Hall Ethics Committee. Children with unfavorable clinical situations were referred to health services. Fig. 1 presents the flowchart of data collection, detailing

the losses, refusals, and exclusions that occurred in each phase. It is noteworthy that 149 families (20.8%) were not located for follow-up, considering all phases of data collection. In addition, 87 children (12%) needed to be excluded from analysis because they did not have 24-hour recalls at 12-16 months and/or 2-3 years. Among the children studied, the distribution between genders occurred homogeneously: 51.8% (n = 201) were male.

The characterization of the sample regarding the maternal and family data is described in Table 1. The prevalence Selleck AZD2281 of children aged 2-3 years who did not consume one serving of fruit or one serving of vegetables, considering the mean consumption obtained by two 24-hour recalls, was 58.0% (n = 225) and 87.4% (n = 340), respectively. The median MycoClean Mycoplasma Removal Kit intake of fruits and vegetables a day among children was 55 g (0-130 g) and 5 g (0-30 g), respectively. When assessing how many children consumed the recommended three servings of fruits and vegetables in at least one of the dietary surveys, it was observed that only 35 children (9%) achieved this recommendation for fruit and only one (0.2%) for vegetables. Mothers who reported offering fruits and vegetables daily to their children when responding the 12-16 month questionnaire accounted for 50.4% and 42.4% of the sample, respectively. The energy consumption of non-recommended foods at 12-16 months was on average 13.61% of total energy intake; for 9.2% of the children, these foods accounted for over 30% of energy consumption. Mothers who reported having offered soft drinks or artificial juices and at least three different types of non-recommended foods during the month before the 12-16 month data collection accounted for 83.3% and 68.3% of the sample, respectively. Table 2 shows the variables associated with the consumption of fruit at 2-3 years.