Therefore, to find different effects on ship navigation as well as conduct the first step for constructing a numerical weather routing system, two representative typhoons were analyzed learn more to make a ship navigation simulation with consideration of the tidal current, waves, and wind in Osaka Bay. First, the mesoscale

meteorological model of WRF-ARW version 3.4 (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) (Skamarock et al., 2005) was used to generate high-resolution wind data, which was then put into SWAN (Simulating Waves Nearshore) (Booji et al., 1999 and The SWAN Team, 2009) and POM (Princeton Ocean Model) (Blumberg and Mellor, 1987 and Mellor, 1998) click here to get wave and tidal current data. Second, the numerical simulation data of wind, waves, and currents were applied to the navigational simulation of an oceangoing ship in Osaka Bay. The accurate estimation of a given ship’s position is very important for ship safety as well as economics. Such estimations can be obtained when the hydrodynamic model MMG, which is widely used for describing a ship’s maneuvering motion, is adopted to estimate a ship’s position. he large gradients

in wind velocity and the rapidly varying wind directions of the typhoon vortex can generate very complex ocean wave fields. In this paper, the

simulation of wind was carried out by WRF-ARW, which has been widely used for operational forecasts as well as for realistic and idealized research experiments. It can predict three-dimensional wind momentum components, surface pressure, dew point, precipitation, surface-sensible and latent heat fluxes, relative humidity, and air temperature on a sigma-pressure vertical coordinate grid. The equation set for WRF-ARW is fully compressible, Eulerian, and non-hydrostatic, with a run-time BCKDHB hydrostatic option. The time integration scheme in the model uses the third-order Runge-Kutta scheme, and the spatial discretization employs 2nd to 6th order schemes. As boundary data, GFS-FNL data were used (Mase et al., 2006). The GFS (Global Forecast System) is operationally run four times a day in near-real time at NCEP. GFS-FNL (Final) Operational Global Analysis data are on 1.0×1.0-degree grids every 6 h. The Princeton Ocean Model was used to simulate the tidal current affected by these two typhoons. As a three-dimensional, primitive equation ocean model, it includes thermodynamics and the level-2.5 Mellor-Yamada turbulence closure and uses a sigma coordinate in the vertical to resolve the variation of bottom topography.