As per Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) conducted in low income countries, the estimated incidence of moderate-to-severe INK 128 nmr diarrhea is highest in India [3]. Worldwide in 2008, diarrhea attributable to rotavirus infection resulted

in 453,000 deaths (95% CI 420,000–494,000) in children younger than 5 years; 37% of deaths attributable to diarrhea and 5% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years. Five countries accounted for more than half of all deaths attributable to rotavirus infection: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan; India alone accounted for 22% of deaths (98,621 deaths) [4] .One of the safety concern for rotavirus vaccines as they are introduced in routine childhood immunization programs is the occurrence of intussusception, a serious intestinal condition that occurs naturally in infancy at a relative low frequency [5]. An earlier vaccine (Rotashield®, Wyeth Vaccines, USA) based on a different (rhesus) strain than the current WHO recommended vaccines was found to be associated with an increased BIBW2992 price risk of intussusception [6]. For the current vaccines, large clinical trials did not find an increased risk of intussusception at a level similar to that seen with the previous rhesus vaccine [7] and [8]. As in many other emerging economies,

sufficient because background data on incidence and epidemiology of intussusception is unavailable in India. At present there are three rotavirus vaccines under development in India by local Indian manufacturers and since all three of them may ultimately be used as a part of public health system in India and intended for a widespread global use by the virtue of

a WHO pre-qualification, there is an urgent need to generate baseline data related to intussusception from India. In light of this, we undertook a retrospective surveillance at two tertiary care centers in India to collect local data on the baseline characteristics and epidemiology of intussusception to support post introduction safety monitoring. This retrospective hospital-based analysis reviewed cases of intussusception documented in the medical records during the years 2007–2012, at two centers attached to Medical Schools in India. From southern India, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal (2007–2011), and from north-central India CSM Medical University (CSMMU), Lucknow (2007–2012) were involved in this study. Necessary permission was obtained at each of the hospitals to facilitate the review of patient medical records by the local study teams. Patient confidentiality was respected during the compilation and analysis of the data. Surveillance to identify cases of intussusception was planned for at least five complete years.